What Are the Environmental Impacts of Hurricane Katrina

Perhaps the longest-lasting impact of Hurricane Katrina was its environmental damage that impacted  public health. Significant amounts of industrial waste and raw sewage spilled directly into New Orleans neighborhoods, and oil spills from offshore rigs, coastal refineries, and even corner gas stations also made their way into residential areas and business districts throughout the region. Contaminated Floodwater Analysts estimate that 7 million gallons of oil spilled throughout the region. The U.S. Coast Guard says much of the spilled oil has been cleaned up or â€Å"naturally dispersed,† but environmentalists fear the initial contamination could devastate the region’s biodiversity and ecological health for many years to come, further devastating the region’s already ailing fisheries, contributing to an economic disaster. Superfund Sites Flooded Meanwhile, flooding at five â€Å"Superfund† sites (heavily polluted industrial sites slated for federal cleanup), and the wholesale destruction along the already infamous â€Å"Cancer Alley† industrial corridor between New Orleans and Baton Rouge, have only served to complicate matters for clean-up officials. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) considers Hurricane Katrina the biggest disaster it has ever had to handle. Contaminated Groundwater Household hazardous wastes, pesticides, heavy metals, and other toxic chemicals also created a witch’s brew of floodwater that quickly seeped into and contaminated groundwater across hundreds of miles. â€Å"The range of toxic chemicals that may have been released is extensive,† Johns Hopkins University environmental health sciences professor Lynn Goldman told USA Today in 2005. â€Å"We’re talking about metals, persistent chemicals, solvents, materials that have numerous potential health impacts over the long term.† Hurricane Katrina: Environmental Regulations Not Enforced According to Hugh Kaufman, an EPA senior policy analyst, environmental regulations in place to prevent the types of discharges that occurred during Hurricane Katrina were not enforced, making what would have been a bad situation much worse. Unchecked development throughout ecologically sensitive parts of the region put further stress on the environment’s ability to absorb and disperse noxious chemicals. â€Å"Folks down there were living on borrowed time and, unfortunately, time ran out with Katrina,† Kaufman concludes. As Hurricane Katrina Cleanup Continues, Region Braces for Next Wave Recovery efforts first focused on plugging leaks in levies, clearing debris and repairing water and sewer systems. Officials cannot say when they will be able to concentrate on longer-term issues such as treating contaminated soil and groundwater, though the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers has been deploying Herculean efforts to physically remove tons of contaminated sediment left behind by receding floodwaters.   Ten years later, massive restoration efforts are underway to reinforce the coasts natural defenses against large storms. Yet every spring, residents living near the Gulf Coast keep a wary eye on the forecast, knowing that a new, freshly brewed storm might bear down. With  hurricane seasons  potentially influenced by increasing ocean temperatures due to global warming, it should not be long before the new coastal restoration projects are tested. Edited by Frederic Beaudry

Critical Book Review of No Shame in My Game by Katherine...

Critical Book Review of No Shame in My Game by Katherine Newman When someone thinks of the poor they instantly imagine a homeless man sleeping in a cardboard box or the nearest garbage can, but the working poor especially in the inner-city is commonly overlooked by society. However the working poor, in this case the working poor in the inner-city, are people advancing to try and make their lives better. They are taking minimum wage jobs so that they can barely afford a roof over their heads. Within Katherine Newman?s novel No Shame In My Game, she studies the working poor in the inner-city to draw conclusions about how to help them and dispute common stereotypes and the images people commonly view. Newman?s conclusions along with the†¦show more content†¦(Newman, 63). She then proceeds to say, ?it should draw our attention to the acute nature of the job problem? (Newman, 63). I do not understand how she can make such an argument when the data she gives is an ?exaggeration? because it also includes many people who are only unemployed for a short period of time (Newman, 63). Newman gives us data that she believes is an exaggeration so therefore how can she think that it is a good indicator to draw societies attention to the ?acute nature of the job problem? (Newman, 63). She continues to tell the audience data that is not directly related to only the working poor in the inner-city. On the other hand her supporting evidence which entails direct statistics for the working poor in the inner-city that work in the fast food industry seem very plausible and possible. Newman states that there are about fourteen applicants for every one opening at her subject?s job, Burger Barn (Rosenberg, 2). She also goes through her train of thought such as when describing the importance and limitations of social networks. The social network clearly helps to give the people who are a part of them hope, in some cases they have someone in their social network that works for the post office or a public hospital which lets them know that it is possible to achieve better living or that better living was

The Ultimate Guide to Ap European History Essay Samples

The Ultimate Guide to Ap European History Essay Samples As you did at the very start of your studying, have a practice test to assess your progress. When you have time, repeat every one of the steps above to incrementally boost your score. You are likely to want to be sure you set out a number of your time weekly so as to acquire your practice sessions in. Please don't hesitate to contact me anytime throughout the year. The War Against Ap European History Essay Samples To the contrary, you should discover a resource or two you find particularly valuable and use it consistently. Memorization of important terms can be a significant chore. Even the most well-known examples need context. For your debate to be a strong one you always need to double check to see whether there are enough data and information which can back up your viewpoint. Who Else Wants to Learn About Ap European History Essay Samples? The connection-making is very helpful for the APUSH test. The initial fo ur free-response questions are considered short-answer and you'll be allowed 50 minutes to complete all of them. Next, you're likely to want to delve a bit deeper in the DBQ section itself and get to learn how the examiners are likely to score the section. Though you're going to be reminded of time remaining by the exam proctor, you won't be made to move on to some other question when the period of time recommended for the very first question has passed. It's important to begin your studying off with a great comprehension of your present knowledge. Each has a distinctive function. All you will need is to request essay help written by means of a specialist in your academic field. Not just you get to get a superior grade, in the grueling procedure, you also learned some new understanding. Characteristics of Ap European History Essay Samples And it's what you ought to be doing when you're reading through your exam's DBQ. Textbooks The most significant thing you can do, truthf ully, is to have an excellent textbook for your AP exam. If you're stuck in circumstances like this, you want to get familiar with DBQ before your exams will occur. By doing this, you're bound to hit each and every point here when it concerns the DBQ part of your exam. Whispered Ap European History Essay Samples Secrets It is an impossible task to think of the powerful, persuasive paper or speech without understanding how to compose a decent argumentative essay. The other essays will help give you an awareness of what score your essay may have gotten that year and any areas you might have overlooked. Don't feel like you've got to use them all to find a high score, though. Formulate your own opinion in the particular subject. Choosing Ap European History Essay Samples Is Simple More reasons concerning how the Cold War started up would be impacted by the mistrust between the 2 countries. The unofficial category of bureaucrats defied the authentic meaning of communism. You may use the samples as a foundation for working out how to write in the appropriate style. The sample prompts are discussions linked to the Progressive Era in america of America. A History of Ap European History Essay Samples Refuted Please be aware that while most books are offered through Christian Book Distributors, some titles aren't carried and will want to get purchased elsewhere. Review books can help guide your study program, make certain you revisit the most crucial concepts, and supply critical test-taking strategies. This is among the bigger review books that offers unit overviews with a substantial sum of content for a review book. We are going to cover the most well-known books, and books to take into account if you're self-studying or on a budget. In addition, there are many practice questions out there in any industrial study guide. Acquire more information concerning the AP programwhat the hardest and simplest classes are, once the exams are this calendar ye ar, and whether taking AP classes is well worth it. Additionally, several of these quizzes are focused on only one era of US history, and therefore you don't get the broad selection of questions that you'll see on the actual AP exam. Finding Ap European History Essay Samples on the Web As you finish the past two questions, make certain to keep a watch out for the moment. On occasion a very good instance of what you're attempting to achieve is well worth a words of advice! On the flip side, if you're searching for a more broad and extensive review guide, this might not be the ideal pick. Our final bit of advice is to look after yourself.

Information Security Awareness Programs An Integral Part...

One of the greatest risks to a company’s information security is not a shortcoming in the technical control environment, rather it is their employees’ inaction or action that leads to security incidents (PCI, 2014). For instance, information disclosure leading to social engineering attack, access to sensitive information unrelated to the employee’s role, not reporting unusual activity are some of the scenarios that could result in compromise of an organization’s information security and privacy. Information security awareness programs also helps address the problems related to regulatory compliance like FISMA, HIPAA etc. Over the years, information security awareness programs have become an integral part of security management. Therefore, it is imperative for organizations to adopt a security awareness program that will ensure that its employees are conscious and aware of the importance of safeguarding organization’s sensitive and critical informati on, educating them to better handle information securely, and the risks of mismanaging the information. Information security awareness programs derived from standards and best practices mainly focuses on the processes and content of the program, without considering how security related decisions are made by individuals and how individuals synthesize security related information (Tsohou, Karyda, Kokolakis, 2014). An individual’s beliefs, perceptions and biases play a significant role in influencing security policy compliance.Show MoreRelatedEmergency Management And The Homeland Security Information Network Essay1420 Words   |  6 Pages Emergency management functions around four main ideas, mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery. 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Patient monitor based on IP-services Free Essays

Introduction: The technological sweetening refering to measurement and information transmittal has led to more inclusive public presentation and Secure characteristic of the patient monitoring merchandises. In the earlier period, the taking merchandises manufactured by medical device makers are chiefly those for individual parametric quantity measuring. Nowadays nevertheless multi-parameter patient proctors are more extensively and normally used in our infirmary system. We will write a custom essay sample on Patient monitor based on IP-services or any similar topic only for you Order Now Multi parametric quantity Patient proctor is usage for critical physiological marks of the patient to convey the critical information. Therefore patient proctor has ever been busying a really important place in the filed of medical devices. The uninterrupted betterment of engineerings non merely helps us set out the critical physiological marks to the medical forces but besides simplifies the measuring and as a consequence addition the monitoring effectivity and now a yearss patient proctor is really flexible and it can supervise multiple physiological Signals. CLINICAL USED IN HOSPITAL: The patient proctors are normally used in some clinical countries such as ICU, CCU, operation room and exigency room because the proctor can supply many physiological parametric quantities of the patient to medical forces Physical PARAMETERS OF PATIENT MONITORS Some of physiological mark I mention in below are as follows. Electro Cardio Graph ( ECG ) Respiration Rate Heart Rate ( HR ) . Non-Invasive Blood Pressure ( NIBP ) Oxygen Saturation in Blood ( SpO2 ) Invasive Blood Pressure ( IBP ) Temperature TEMP ELECTRO CARDIO GRAPH: The ECG proctors classify little electromotive forces of about 1 millivolts that appear on the tegument as a consequence of cardiac gesture. Three/five electrodes prearranged in standard constellations called leads are positioned on the tegument to feel these electromotive forces. At lease two electrodes are required for an ECG lead ; a 3rd electrode is used as a mention to cut down electrical intervention. Each lead presents a bosom, Producing ECG wave form P waves, QRS composite, and T moving ridges vary in amplitude and mutual opposition. The signals from the different leads provide the heart specialist with a complete presentation of the electrical activity of the bosom, including the Heart rate, which is interpreted as the R~R Interval. The timing and wave form of ECG Provide Information on whether the patient ‘s bosom rate is characterized by arrhythmia or other altered maps necessitating intervention. Parameter FOR RESPIRATION Rate: The method for usage for Respiratory rate by the technique of electric resistance pneumography. Pass a low current with high-frequency bearer signal between two ECG electrodes side of the chest wall the electric resistance of the lungs alterations as the lungs expand and contract and as the volume of air in the lungs alterations. The alteration in electric resistance creates a alteration in electromotive force across the bearer signal, which is interpret as breathe and from this phenomenal manner we get respiration rate of a forces. NON-INVASIVE AND INVASIVE BLOOD PRESSURE: Non Invasive Blood Pressure ( NIBP ) : Blood force per unit area proctors by and large measure arterial Pressure, This is produced by the contractions of the bosom and continually alterations over cardiac rhythm. Three blood force per unit area values, articulated in millimetres of quicksilver above so atmospheric pressure.Systolic force per unit area is the maximal rhythm force per unit area occurs during ventricular contraction. Diastolic force per unit area is the minimal rhythm force per unit area, happening during the ventricle ‘s make fulling stage between contractions of bosom chamber. Arterial force per unit area is the average value of the blood force per unit area over the cardiac rhythm. Invasive Blood Pressure ( IBP ) : Invasive blood force per unit area is measured by agencies of a catheter insert straight into the circulatory system. Pressure transducer connected to the catheter converts the mechanical force exerted by the blood into an electrical signal by this mean of technique we can acquire the IBP value. Parameter FOR OXYGEN SATURATION OF THE BLOOD ( SPO2 ) : Oxygen impregnation technique is based on the soaking up of Pulse blood O to ruddy and infrared visible radiation by agencies of utilizing finger detector and SpO2 mensurating unit. Electronic transducer in finger detector converts the pulsation ruddy and infrared visible radiation modulates pulse blood O into electrical signal. By this agencies of technique we calculated value of SpO2. Parameter FOR TEMPERATURE Detection: Temperature of the organic structure is measured by agencies of a thermal resistor investigation. This investigation is made by semiconducting material whose opposition alterations with temperature. By the agencies of temperature alteration get the accurate temperature Value. STANDARD MODULE of PATIENT MONITOR: In footings of its functionality, the proctor is made up of following Faculties: Application Faculty Main Processing Module Man-machine interface Module LAN, WLAN, Bluetooth, RJ45 Connector, USB Port Etc Power supply Module Parameter Measuring Part: Patient Monitor mensurating the physiological signals of ECG, RespirationNon-invasive blood force per unit area ( NIBP ) , Oxygen impregnation of the blood ( SpO2 ) , Temperature ( TEMP ) , Invasive blood force per unit area ( IBP ) , cardiac end product ( CO ) , CO and Anesthetic gas ( GAS ) . In this Measuring portion it can transform physiological signals to electrical signals, and procedure and reassign the values, wave forms and dismay information to Main Board, and so expose them by Interface Board. Main Control Part: Main board consists of Interface board and Core board. It has CPU/memory, show circuit web circuit and I/O interface. Main board of the integrated board is used to drive man-machine interface, manage parametric quantity measuring and supply other specific maps to the user such as constellation storage, wave form and informations callback, etc. Interface Part: The man-machine interfaces are board consists of Screen show, Recorder, Speaker, Indicator, Keys and knobs. The high-resolution show Screen is the most primary end product interface, exposing real-time current informations and recorded informations of different patients, Speaker gives bosom round tone and audio dismay Indicator provides extra information about power supply Power Supply Part: Power supply is an of import portion of the system, dwelling of power board, power patchboard Battery and fan Different Auxiliary Partss: RJ45 online upgrade port is available on the proctor, which allows the service applied scientist to upgrade the system package without needfully opening the enclosure of the proctor. This larboard connexion is for usage as Internet map How to cite Patient monitor based on IP-services, Essay examples

Application of Practice Development-Free-Samples for Students

Question: You have Five Associate Managers in your team. You have just read an Interesting article: Lynch B.M., Mc Cormack B., Mc Cance T. (2011). Development of a Model of Situational Leadership in Residential Care for Older People. Answer: Introduction Practice development refers to the process of developing person-centered cultures (Manley et al., 2013). Practice development is gaining momentum as health care providers intend to use a systematic approach to transform work-based culture to deliver person-centered care. Person-centered care involves respect for clients, connecting with individuals and valuing the individual contributions (McCormack et al., 2013). There is a difference between practice development generally and specific activity. The former means over all development in practice whereas the later deals with the development of specific activity in nursing practice (say patient-centered care). The aim of the assignment is to examine the theory and concepts of practice development and consider their relevance to a context of nursing practice. The assignment discusses the philosophic premises of practice development. Further, the essay discusses the practice development Activity method- transformational practice. It alig ns with Situational leadership model, which was found to be effective in enhancing patient centered care in my workplace and is demonstrated in essay. The essay describes the workplace situation of nurse unit manager for application of the theories. The objective is to enhance the person-centered care in personal practice. I will work with the team of five associates as the nurses team leader. Summary of practice development According to Healy (2014), critical social theory underpins practice development. The theory assumes that society and the community are shaped by social structures and collective culture. Within the health care system, the cultural and linguistic barriers impede the effective communication between care providers and patients (Lynch, 2015). This hampers the process of decision making for the improvement of patient care. Practice development, however, helps the patients and carers actively engage in meaningful conversation to make clinical decisions. This process will better help clinicians and nurses to understand, challenge and change the culture to improve patient care. Eventually, the health care professionals become active participants in the change process. Practice development process requires Clinical leadership skills. The clinical leader can ensure effective teamwork through effective communication and collaboration (Dmeh Rosengren, 2015). In this process, all the members get equal opportunity to give their opinions. The opinions and ideas of each member are respected and valued. Together an effective decision is made on improving patient care focusing on the quality of the health care. Clinical leadership does not always mean the collaboration is initiated by the leader. For example, in nursing leadership, all the team members should collaborate with each other and the health practitioners to bring change (Dmeh Rosengren, 2015). According to Chinn Kramer (2013), individual nurses should cultivate the leadership skills to excel in the clinical care. According to Lind e al. (2016), the service delivery model is appropriate for practice development. This model involves a person-centered approach. The model has an emphasis on relationship-based interventions and has an interdisciplinary focus. As per the study undertaken by Mill et al. (2016), the service delivery model is appropriate for creating a change in the organisation. To initiate a change in any organisation, transformational leadership theory is applied. It involves the components of intellectual stimulation, inspirational motivation, individual consideration and idealised influence (Ross et al. 2014). This leadership is the main skill for nurses holding the key to patient-centered practice development. Situational leadership refers to use of different leadership styles in different situations. So, there might be some situations where only transformational leadership can be used. Therefore, situational leadership framework is best suitable for creating change in the organ isation while working as a team. (McCleskey, 2014). In a team different nurses may work with different perspectives, therefore, using situational leadership skills will help deals with issues of individual nurses in the delivering the patient centered care (Leigh et al. 2017). Every mission statement has a philosophy. For the development of the person centered care in nursing practice, I believe in the philosophy- strive for excellence in meeting the holistic needs of the patients in a caring and healing environment, while valuing the essential contribution of each member of staff. This type of philosophy is a theoretical construct that requires a service delivery structure (Lowe, 2017). This philosophy is justified, as the aim is to enhance person-centered care. In the next section, the transformational practice development method is discussed. The key practice development activity method As per the literature review, a key practice development activity method, which can be discussed in this context, is the transformational practice development. The rationale for choosing this method is it is a critical inquiry process (Manley et al., 2013). This method is appropriate to initiate change. To implement and instil the culture of the patient-centered care, this approach is appropriate. According to Ross et al. (2014), transformational practice is relational, discursive and embodied. Bringing such changes in the practice or in clinical leadership style for improving the quality of care, there is a need of generating new knowledge and insights into research, while change occurs simultaneously. The transformational practice development emphasises use of collaborative, inclusive and participatory approaches. Thus, for developing the person-centered care the transformational leadership style is effective. However, when working within team not all the members may be in same pag e. Therefore, situational leadership model is adopted where some of its elements align with transformational leadership style. In the situational leadership style, there are four levels of maturity in the followers. M1 is the bottom level of the scale. In this stage, the followers lack the skills; knowledge and confidence to work. The followers need to be pushed by the leader to act towards change. In the M2 level, the followers have some willingness to work on the task. However, the followers in this stage lack the skills to complete it successfully and achieve the common goals of team. In M3 level, the followers are ready and are willing to do the task. Followers at this stage have more skills than the followers of M2 group. At this stage, the followers are still not confident in their capabilities. In M4, followers are highly confident and committed to task. Therefore, the leader focuses less on the relationship with and the support over the followers (Lynch, 2015). I will be using situational leadership model for person-centered care development activity because this method uses the participatory communicative spacesfor knowledge and learning creation. I will assess the maturity level of each nurse in my team and lead her. The implications for practice using this approach requires the nursing team members (for this context) to have skills and courage. The nurse leaders must be skilled in guiding emancipatory and participatory processes for the staff members. It aligns with the transformational leadership style (Manley et al., 2013). I will be self-reflexive and critically mindfulof the other nurses during patient care. It will ensure the authenticity of the work being performed. While initiating the change, I will ensure the social justice and well-being for all to flourish. Thus, I would implement the situational leadership framework and adopt the mentioned skills to enhance person-centered care attitude among team members in my workplace. As per Leigh et al. (2017) the methodology of the transformational practice development is useful to identify the current practices and the values at the ward unit level. This method provides a basis to challenge practices and aligns with the situational leadership model (for followers of M4 level). The nurses can challenge the workplace cultures that will enable them the new ways of working, which should be evidence-based. The potential application of practice philosophy to nursing context The aim of developing the person-centered care can be initiated in many ways. Let us consider a scenario in my practice. I work as Associate nurse unit managerand has been assigned to lead the word as ANUM in absence of my manager. I am the in-chargeand hold responsibility to ensure that the staff are admitting patients correctly and the patients are being cared for well. The nurses in my ward are providing inpatient care for the management, treatment and review of patients with complex, chronic and multiple health care conditions, generally associated with ageing.The unit operates within an interdisciplinary framework with medical, nursing, pharmacy and allied health staff providing goal orientated individualised patient care. While I was leading the team of junior nurses, I have observed that they fail to implement patient-centered care. My aim is to collaborate with my team associates to implement the culture of patient-centered care. My objective is to teach them to respect the p atients and deal with them in the way that will not compromise their dignity. The person-centered theory can be well integrated with the situational leadership theory for personal practice . It is the useful framework to identify the level of support required for the associates in my team throughout the process of empowerment and enlightenment to that of the transformative action (McCleskey, 2014). When implementing the situational leadership model, the goal would be to initially analyse the needs of each of the associates in my team. My leadership style would vary from one team member to other depending on the competencies of each of the associate in their tasks and the level of commitment. Different leadership styles of situation leadership model are discussed in subsequent sections. For the above-mentioned scenario, the situational leadership style is most appropriate In this scenario, my team associates are in the M3 stage. For this maturity level of followers, the most appropriate leadership style is the Participating/supporting (Lynch, 2015). I will give less direction on what should be the patient-centered care attitude. My actions will demonstrate high support on implementing the Monash Health Nursing and Midwifery Governance Framework to strengthen consistency in accountability and responsibility across the profession. I will focus more on establishing strong relationship with my teammates to explain them factors that may hamper a patients respect or dignity. I will address their concerns on patients assessment by providing evidence-based solution. Currently, I find myself to be cautious contributor of the team. Considering the personal development level and the followers maturity level, this leadership style is appropriate. In Telling/directing leadership style, a leader supervises the followers closely and may focus highly on the task. In this leadership, style there is little room for building a strong rapport with the followers. In this style of leadership, the leader defines the role of the team associates and communication is usually one-way (McCleskey, 2014). I will apply this style if any of my associates are enthusiastic but lack competence to deliver patient-centered care. In the selling and coaching leadership style, a leader has high focus on the relationship with the followers as well as task. A two-way communication system is used for making decisions. Decisions are based on the ideas and suggestions from the follower. I will apply this leadership style for the associates who have poor commitment but demonstrate good competence in the work. In this situation, my role as a team leader will be to support and praise the team member to enhance their self-esteem. I will involve them in decision making related to ward to restore their commitment towards patient-centered care (Peus et al., 2013). I will emphasise on more direction and supervision for followers who are relatively inexperienced. There is other leadership style for the followers who are in M4 level as per situation leadership model. If followers are in this level, my aim will be to focus less on nursing tasks and on relationship with the nurses. I will be involved in the decision-making and problem solving with them. I would ensure that the team associates gain confidence to refer to me only in serious dilemma regarding nursing care. I will use this leadership style with followers who are highly competent and committed towards patient centered care (Lynch, 2015). The philosophy of striving for excellence can be used in workplace by incorporating organisational values and the situational leadership framework. Organisational values are human dignity, justice, compassion, quality and advocacy. The nurse manager must support and empower the nurses in the team as they impart the knowledge, skills and attitudes (Auld Bishop, 2015). I would implement this philosophy to build a strong rapport with my team. While implementing this philosophy, different leadership style will be used in different situations. Having enthusiasm and positive attitude encourages a holistic client-centered approach to care. I can also turn other associate in my team to be positive in their actions. By making them aware of the organisational goals and my personal philosophy, I will help them take independent actions wherever necessary. It will help the nurses to take autonomous actions in providing patient-centered care, which aligns with the coaching leadership style situat ional model (Bjarnadottir et al., 2015). The team members through involvement in the difficult conversation can implement the change in care towards the patient. It will help to set the new goals. Each member should engage in the process of critical analysis and support the ongoing development in care. I will engage in difficult conversation with the team associates to resolve the issues hampering the work (Masters, 2015). Nurses and the team leaders can evaluate the change by considering how the behaviours, systems and processesapplied aligns with the person-centered culture. My strategy will be to evaluate if the practice aligns with the values nurse associates have identified for person-centered practice (Arnold Boggs, 2015). Conclusion The essay discussed the concept of the practice development in the context of nursing. Various theories underpinning the practice development is discussed. Emphasizing on establishing the patient-centered culture in the hospital; I will work with the team of five associates as the nurses team leader. An effective leader should be versatile in moving around the matrix as per the situation. I believe that there is nothing called right leadership style that will be applicable in all situations. Dealing with the team members with each one at different level of maturity demands to apply the situational leadership style. I will use the most appropriate leadership style with the aim of taking each of my associates to a level where they will be highly competent and committed towards common goal of patient-centered care. This will ensure the transformative practice development. The philosophy of striving for excellence can be used in work by incorporating the organisational values. It is conc luded from the overall discussion that the nursing team as a whole should be able to facilitate the pre and post-registration nurse members in developing the nursing practice to promote patient-centered care. For development in the clinical setting, it will better promote the team members to liaise with the Nurse Education Centre, to put forward the education and training needs. It will contribute to different multidisciplinary projects. It can be interdisciplinary projects, policies, and Student Nurse Education programmes. It will help produce tools that the staff needs to improve practice. It will help introduce curriculum changes or changes in the protocol for patient care for different illness (McCormack et al., 2013). Lastly, the nurses and the team leaders can evaluate the change in the practice by considering how the behaviours, systems and processesapplied aligns with the person-centered culture. References Arnold, E. C., Boggs, K. U. 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